The exact meaning for the 301 error is "Keyboard not
responding or a stuck key. (If stuck, hex scan code for
the key will show)"
You don't mention any additional codes, so i'll just
assume that this isn't a case of a stuck key.

First you need to make sure that you have connected your
keyboard to the correct port. If you are using a keyboard
with a PS2 plug, then you need to make sure that you did
not accidently plug it into the PS2 port intended for the
mouse.

If that doesn't solve the problem or if you are using a
keyboard with a DIN plug (that's one that's about half an
inch wide and with 5 pins, arranged in an arc), you may
need to replace your keyboard.